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This usually presents with ataxia or paraesthesia Subacute combined degeneration of the cord Psychiatric Altered mental state such as confusion, memory problems Cognitive changes such as dementia Loss of mental and physical drive Psychiatric disturbances, ranging from mild neurosis to severe dementia Other Angular cheilosis Anosmia, glossitis, and loss of taste Autonomic complications such as postural hypotension Gait problems consider if history of falls Infertility Investigation of possible malabsorptive process Urinary or faecal incontinence Interpreting investigation results Serum cobalamin The clinical normal level of serum cobalamin is unclear
Retrieved 10 October 2017
Research from a 2023 article found significant mitochondrial structural and functional abnormalities in the muscle cells of long COVID patients, including: Disrupted cristae (mitochondrial) architecture Impaired electron transport chain function Reduced ATP production capacity These findings mirror what we see in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), a condition that shares significant overlap with long COVID and is now thought to involve similar mitochondrial pathology
Cloudiness, fibers, or color = discard