This review study highlights the biological effects of different NAD+ boosters as well as the unique benefits of direct NAD+ administration over oral precursors because it bypasses gut and liver metabolism
Stockwell BR, Friedmann Angeli JP, Bayir H, Bush AI, Conrad M, Dixon SJ, Fulda S, Gascon S, Hatzios SK, Kagan VE, et al
Not FDA-approved for human use it's categorized as a research chemical
Literature data indicate that beta-lactoglobulin from cows milk forms amyloid fibres that are digested by pepsin in vitro
Evidence in one sentence: Both delivery systems are biologically plausible and supported by limited human biomarker or pharmacokinetic data, but neither has been proven superior for meaningful clinical outcomes