However, these pharmacologic benefits are tempered by important trade-offs, including gastrointestinal side effects, treatment cost, and loss of lean mass, which may have long-term functional implications if not counteracted by concurrent resistance exercise ( Exercise and lifestyle interventions, while generally less potent for weight loss, provide unique and irreplaceable health benefits preserving skeletal muscle, improving cardiorespiratory fitness, enhancing psychological well-being, and lowering chronic disease risk ( Hybrid care models that integrate pharmacotherapy with behavioral support are emerging as the most promising framework for sustainable obesity and diabetes management ( Persistent challenges include the high cost and limited accessibility of GLP-1RAs, variable long-term adherence, and a lack of long-term data on sustainability, relapse rates, and overall health outcomes
Reproduced from Mozaffarian et al
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However, these projections rely on assumptions regarding complementary effects and require prospective validation
Inflammopharmacology 25:439449 Novinscak T, Brcic L, Staresinic M, Jukic I, Radic B, Pevec D, Mise S, Tomasovic S, Brcic I, Banic T (2008) Gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as an effective therapy for muscle crush injury in the rat