A WHO consultation identified the most vulnerable groups as elderly individuals, infants, preschool-aged children, and pregnant or lactating women, due to either increased nutritional demands or impaired absorption capacity ( Addressing the prevention of B12 deficiency and its public health implications requires a comprehensive, life-course approach based on integrated strategies targeting early detection, dietary optimisation, and effective supplementation, in order to mitigate the long-term consequences of inadequate cobalamin status ( Intramuscular (IM) injection is the most invasive and costly administration method, requiring trained personnel and clinical visits
Presented for research literature review only Dalvi SM et al
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10.1038/s41569-018-0030-z Summary Keywords D-Gal, endothelial cell senescence, FOXO4-DRI, P53, ROS Citation Hu Z, Li F, Hu C, Shan Q, Tang Z, Jiang M, Yi X, Chen X, Jin L, Wang X and Wang Y (2026) FOXO4-DRI regulates endothelial cell senescence via the P53 signaling pathway
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