(Olin et al, 1995)
The only placebo-controlled trial (Zubair et al., 2016) used 1,200 mg twice weekly for 6 weeks, showing only 37.5% completion rate versus 18.7% placebo, with benefits fading by 6 months
On the other hand, a much older laboratory study (2004) reported BPC-157 inhibited growth of a melanoma cell line in a petri dish, hinting at anti-cancer effects in that very limited context
Glutathione injections for skin whitening can support a brighter, more even complexion but they work best understood honestly: the effect is a gradual, temporary brightening , not permanent whitening, and before-and-after results build over weeks to months with maintenance and good skincare
Biomarkers of inflammation, metabolism, and oxidative stress in blood, liver, and milk reveal a better immunometabolic status in peripartal cows supplemented with Smartamine M or MetaSmart